Basic Introduction to San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnuts
The San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnuts are produced in Fushun County, Liaoning Province. The region is situated in a transitional zone from low mountains and hills to plains. The eastern, southeastern, and northeastern areas have high terrain, while the western, southwestern, and northwestern parts are slightly gentler. The entire landscape slopes gently from east to west, with the central area being the Hun River valley. The average elevation is 100-300 meters, characterized by rolling hills, dense forests, and crisscrossing rivers. The topographical feature can be described as “seven parts mountain, one part water, half a part fields, and half a part roads and estates.” Fushun County is located within the sub-humid temperate zone and has a continental monsoon climate. The seasons are distinct, with rain and heat occurring simultaneously. The annual average temperature is 7.8°C. The average temperature in January is -14°C, with the lowest recorded temperature being -35.2°C; the average temperature in July is 24°C, with the highest temperature reaching 35.8°C. The annual average precipitation is 823 millimeters, mostly concentrated in July, August, and September, with a frost-free period of about 145 days, suitable for hazelnut cultivation.
As of February 6, 2013, Fushun County, Liaoning Province, had developed 40,000 mu (approximately 2,667 hectares) of large kernel hazelnuts, with 32,000 mu (approximately 2,133 hectares) in the fruit-bearing stage. The total product yield was 2,350 tons, with an annual total product value of 140 million yuan, and an annual seedling production of 600,000 plants. Approximately 13,000 farmers in Fushun County were engaged in the cultivation of large kernel hazelnuts. On August 30, 2011, the original General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine approved geographical indication product protection for “San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnuts.”
Geographical Scope
The geographical indication product protection for San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnuts covers the current administrative area of Fushun County, Liaoning Province.
Product Characteristics
The San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnut trees reach heights of 3-5 meters, with moderate vigor and a semi-open growth habit. The tree crowns are medium-sized, and the leaves are relatively large and thick. The trees are monoecious, bearing separate male and female flowers. They produce multiple fruits per inflorescence, averaging 2.2 nuts per sequence. The nuts are nearly spherical, brownish-yellow, with smooth kernels. The nuts are large, with thin shells and full kernels, weighing 2-3 grams each. The kernels have an excellent flavor and good texture.
Awards and Honors
On August 30, 2011, the original General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine approved geographical indication product protection for “San Kuai Shi Large Kernel Hazelnuts.”
In 2012, the “San Kuai Shi Brand Large Kernel Hazelnuts” won a gold medal at the China Forest Food Trade Fair and the Third China (Tieling) Hazelnut Festival.